In Plato's Phaedo, which depicts some of the last days of
his teacher Socrates, the Theory of Recollection is
explained, which suggests we know certain things at birth,
or that our souls possess some knowledge before we were able
to learn. Things like absolute beauty are included in this,
which if I accused of being untrue, I have then faulted my
own argument by means of absolute equality. Visually a child
can decide two things are equal, physically, or by the way
the look of each object affects him. We do possess the
ability to determine something's inequality as well, in that
one thing appears differently than another, and the mind
then inherently picks one it prefers over the other, making
superior to the other. Therein, providing a simplistic
definition of beauty, or to make a visual distinction
between two things, to judge them by how or how not equal
they are, the theory holds true.
But there is also the factor of the soul, which is
suggested to be the reason why we know things before birth.
If the soul is, in fact, knowledgeable before it enters or
is assigned a body, from what source could it have learned
such things? Was the soul watching mortals from the heavens
or conversing with other souls or did it read it in a book?
Or, if we hold the theory true, did the soul then know such
things at the time of its own creation? Then that would make
souls, perhaps, as mortal as the person they inhabit? There
could be an infinity of forms coming into existence that did
so with previous knowledge, and the same question of where
it obtained such knowledge can be repeated, making it
endless.
By this theory it seems that all things exist in their own
reality, and there are none more immortal than other forms,
and nothing is really invisible, but it is all hidden from
others. It could merely be the knowledge of the "others"
that is missing from the whole picture, which makes it
impossible to be positive of anything, even any of the
aforementioned, Plato's theories, Socrates' theories, modern
medicine, good, or evil.
But thinking so would make any drive for knowledge grim, to
continually think that everything you know to be true could
be absolutely false, and that one reality could be different
than another's reality.
So perhaps we only think the things we do out of fear of
feeling worthless, and that there is greater knowledge at
the next step, death, and we will be conscious of this
knowledge in the end. But at Phaedo puts it, there will
never be an actual end, just a continuance. And in our
existence we may "forget" all we have learned, and be
forced to recollect it all over again.
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